Why Do Indians Have So Many Birth Defects

25 - Update and review

It is never judged on a balance sheet,

but still its ability to project into the future

Philippe Douste-Blazy

An outstanding complex

We are in the month of November. It rains frequently and abundantly in November in Rome. I got home from marianum. I had become enrolled in a series of courses in Mariology. I was returning on foot when around 19:30, the strings (in Quebec it rains instead of nails here are chords) I was literally blocked the road.

I've already hinted, I have long been a kind of complex in the place of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

A complex of jealousy of the same type as the one who had lived at the school, in tenth grade, then the Novitiate. Brother Florentien was too popular for my taste, so it was the Virgin Mary. He made too many tributes were exaggerated his role in the economy of salvation, it is considered all-powerful, even more his son Jesus. This attitude irritated me the thoughts and devotions as a rash that can scratch but always comes back to haunt us the epidermis.

My stay in Rome would also be on this time of profound update of my feelings and my devotions. Istituto Universitario marianum driven Marianist would occasion. The institute, located near Mascherone, offered a bunch of courses in Mariology. These classes were taught in the evening, that is to say according to the schedule Roman, from 16:00 to 19:00. Hoping to resolve my

complex and kill two birds with one stone improving my Italian, I scored me my first year in Rome.

I took no great discoveries. Under the title of Mariology, were given during traditional theology with a color of Marian spirituality. Nothing to dissolve a large complex like the one I fought for many years.

Physician, heal thyself. My remedy this will be my dissertation at Jesus Magister. I had simmered since the end of my first year: the place and role of Mary in the economy of salvation. I define myself this place and role as a director does for its players. Pretentious? Perhaps, but nothing extraordinary. Many before me, without any jurisdiction, gave Mary of the powers that met their needs more than their competence.

My thesis, a pompous title: co-redemption OF MARY IN THE HUMAN VOCATION TO THE ORDER OF SALVATION.

I did not invent the title of Mary Co-Redeemer . It existed from the fifteenth century. Without knowing what he was covering, I told him, using some scriptural texts, what I wanted. I deplored that Mary was, in some spirituality, combined with the image of the Queen Mother of God business manager. Which placed in a separate category, which activates my hives.

It seemed that Mary's role in the economy of salvation should be that every human being of good will, the hospitality of God so well served by her "fiat mihi secundum verbum tuum. "

Instead of being the second after Jesus, often before the Holy Spirit, Mary was to be the first of humanity. A beautiful feminist model for the most reasonable. The first of the men, more emblem and guide humanity in the reception of God Queen Mother, full privileges for her role as the rocking chair of Child and dispenser of God's gifts.

I developed this thesis in 86 pages, divided into fifteen chapters and three major divisions.

I do not know what a theologian I believe with this thesis.

I suspect that nobody has read in its entirety, not even the spell in charge of evaluating it. This thesis produced

home the desired effect, it cured me of my chronic jealousy. Mary was again ours. A woman who defines his being and his life just the human attitude to the divine.

Vatican II did not recognize the title of Mary Co-Redeemer. This title is still too ambiguous explained some "fathers" of Vatican II. For me, Mary is co-redeemer of right but in the sense that I defined. So I like to see covered. Amen

In a changing world

While we messed shucking and swallow this sum of currents and theological formulations accumulated over the centuries, the world and the Church proceeded to challenge as profound changes.

January 25, 1959 Vatican II

While the courses are just resumed after the second week of Christian unity, Pope John XXIII announces the council which will work to promote the development of the Catholic faith, to ensure the moral renewal of Christian life and the Church to adapt to the needs of our time. Pope said to be "Transitional" surprised everyone.

At the Curie and the University as if it had been given a kick in the anthill: theologians, professors, students, journalists, behind closed doors as with large headlines, panic and become activated in reviews and in committees in the preparation of this famous council.

It was the breath of the Spirit was really powerful to coordinate all these disparate and often conflicting energies towards a reform of the life of the Church, its presence and its action in the world. ( 1)

September 7, 1959 - Death of Duplessis

The new created consternation in our small community of Quebec students living in Rome. The event is widely commented. Paul Sauvé and his famous "now" eats all hopes for a renewed Québec. This excitement will be doubled during the announcement of the death in January of this year, the coming of the Lesage government and his "fantastic team" that will launch the "Quiet Revolution. "Here (in Rome) it is for, for everything that is new!

November 8 1960 - Kennedy Élet

For the first time in history, the election of U.S. president was preceded by televised debates that put face to face across the world both presidential candidates: Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy.

These debates and the accompanying comments were followed to Rome with an almost religious attention almost as intense as that which now chairs the dissemination of the World Africa South. It was during campaign that Kennedy delivered the famous speech announcing a New Frontier , which kicks-off the American lunar program. "Our nation must commit to landing man on the moon and return him safely to Earth before the end of the decade."

A whole new era begins beautifully in the world . In both the world and the Church, with its advanced painfully and setbacks, the future takes precedence over the past, projects on tradition, the avant-garde traditionalists on the world stage 1961.

August 13, 1961 - The Berlin Wall

Desertion of Germans from East to West Germany were seen in the West as evidence of superiority of the capitalist system on the communist regime. They cheered. They have misunderstood then the non-intervention by Kennedy during the erection of the Berlin Wall and its extension over 155 km of borders, although the act was contrary to the agreement between the four Great Powers, Kennedy not prevent it. This will a heavy ball and chain dreams of unified companies into a new world.

During this period, the General de Gaulle in France founded the Fifth Republic and recognizes the independence of Algeria. Driven by Patrice Lumumba, became colonized Africa, following the Congo, a mosaic of countries in gestation. In three years we have witnessed a succession of cascading changes in political, economic and social generate a (western) world is brand new. A challenge for the presence of the Church in this world and its mission to proclaim the Good News of Revelation.

For me, all this external transformation will be accompanied by a significant interior change which I shall state to the next chapter.

A review of the training received at Jesus Magister

At a meeting of three former jesusmagistériens (Brother Jean-Claude Ethier, aka brother Raymond, Lionel Pelchat aka brother Jean-Pierre and myself) we asked ourselves the question: What brought me Jesus Magister? Each will give his personal response in writing.

One click gives access to the stock of other ex-JM. (2)

Here is mine.

As the McLuhan, the medium is the message. In this case the medium is Rome, is the brotherhood of Mascherone and also the Lateran University. Weaknesses related to the program and course content have been largely offset by the richness of the medium which plunged me into total immersion in a water purifying my slag, liberating of my intellectual taboos concerning Revelation and regenerated me in a world of very rich theological concepts.

We were a group guinea pigs for a new wine that was not sufficiently settled in the minds of teachers Lateran. The program had not stood the test of time We have put a lot of things unnecessary or inappropriate. The Lateran University was well equipped in the faculties of canon law and theology, catechesis but was rather low. And meet cultural expectations in a period profound changes, it is a very difficult challenge ahead.


critical for any student, student and what is not? The roster of lecturers at the Institute, the scale of the memories we hold, ranged from weak to excellent. A normal curve. Teachers already mentioned in the previous chapter, kept the highest ratings. My brothers also give a good rating Piolanti appreciation to Bishop, Monsignor Pietro Pavan and law professor Angeli.


Some also at the bottom of the ladder considered theology (Brother Mary) as a course on spirituality for young novices, others (Brother Grieg) grafted to the subjects of their hobby that had nothing to do with theology. In some courses very bookish could apply this definition of course ironic as " the process by which the notes move from book to book the teacher of the student without going through the head of any . For others, a rather severe trial to the "shoveling clouds" or who "listens talk ".


Many of these reasons that we had to close the Institute after only twelve years old. (3)


If I probe my heart and wonder what he gave me the answer is quite different.


In me, the outcome of this chess game that pitted the ancient to modern was the net benefit of the moderns.

Magister Jesus has enriched me intellectually. He introduced me to several workshops for theological reflection.


servant theology of revelation

See what the human mind, which straddles the frail little waves, can take in knowledge of the universe, its history and stars located billions of light years away, is amazing and marveling.

The revealed truth, the foundation of Christian faith, is also a common universe through time and space in billions of small star sign, often low and amid a din of noise, the quiet presence of God and his plan to make a covenant with man.

Digging this universe, discover the meaning of these often disparate stories, all translated into concepts that stand, which form a coherent and intelligible whole is a gigantic task comparable to all those genius human mounted in areas as diverse and as varied as nuclear physics, astronomy and mathematics.

This work I only knew of twigs scattered, those of the catechism or dogma of the nomenclature, I interview as a whole. I get out of this bath amazed by the vision of Christian doctrine, for its consistency and the light it brings to human intelligence revealed the divine milieu.

I'm amazed also by the human genius, of St. Paul to the Councils and Fathers of Vatican II through St. Augustine and the Angelic Doctor, St. Thomas Aquinas, who conducted it.

I also better understand the function of theology in the maintenance and promotion of the faith. Not long palaver Byzantine intertwined the vilest interests that provided the raw material of the conciliar dogmas, there was a big risk that this wonderful experience of God is crumbling in the background or slipping into the most degrading superstitions if had not been cast in a rigid structure, the dogmas of Holy Church. Crumble into the background at the time of the primitive church it meant say give the gnosis ubiquitous in the early Christian communities and whose influence on the interpretation of the Christian mystery will continue until today.

Jesus could he survive in the atmosphere Gnostic? Perhaps, but it would not have lived as Jesus of Nazareth, most likely, as the Word, aeon of light, the last step of the plot of the divine prisoner in the human pulp. Nothing new, a Horus Egyptian or Roman Mithras.

Our faith is based on the historical Jesus embodied and lived in a time "x" on our earth, not an avatar of Horus or Mithras (4).

The historicity of Jesus and salvation has been affirmed and professed in all ages of the councils, supported on a solid theology that explained the joints and consequences. An ontological Jesus, we have seen in the subsequent elaborations of the Gnostics, could that establishing a hierarchy of beings in the process Assumption of the Divine. Nothing like the side-by-side with God, nothing to build communion of life of early Christian communities, the alliance of all men of good will before the great causes, nothing for democracy or universal brotherhood .

short, from the centuries, the understanding of faith needed to codify a rigid structure, the dogmas, which have paved the way for continuity and truth in understanding the mystery of salvation and its expression through the Christian rites.

Inspiration and interpreting Scripture

Young, I said, I was fascinated by the sanctity the Scriptures. The slices that we used in the liturgy had the character and reputation of magic words, sacred, blown by the Spirit into the ear of the sacred writer. The Bible was inspired directly by God. There was nothing else to look.

My discovery of the Bible was very different. The Bible referred to the discipline of exegesis provided not only a richer and more accurate meaning of sacred texts in their diversity but also contributed to a better understanding of Revelation as a whole.

Then God no longer dictates the word for word from the sacred texts but is present in all the events that form the fabric of the history of this nation, not a God-mother-in speaker at every turn in the affairs of human but this is a God, offering all the benefits of its alliance.

After Jesus Magister, the current relationship with God was not the man to God in an effort to spiritualize development and service of God but of man himself a sinner in the truest sense of the incarnation.

Saint Irenaeus said in the second century, "Gloria Dei homo vivens" (the glory of God is man fully alive) but then having other fish to fry, we had not heard .

exegesis, driven by a current of renewal which was blowing around, put the record straight of Holy Scripture at the time of its origins. Not an untouchable sacred words, but the word, the presence of the Word in the changing history of mankind, not the truths enshrined in stories dishes but the Truth that is combined with the truths of men, with their values and hopes. Thus we no longer have to perform tricks to explain the "mistakes" of the Bible or to extract deeper meaning as you would a cryptic text.

The consequences of this way of reading are important for proper understanding of the revealed message and develop a relationship with the divine is significant and marked with love and freedom.

A church sign

In 58-60 years the Church was still the "Mater et Magistra" on any structure regulated by the purple and supplement the law Roman-called "canon law".

Courts of Church History and dogmatic to me were also suggestive of the role of the Church and its rites in the completion the Kingdom of God on earth men.

We had learned that "the sacrament was a visible sign instituted by Jesus Christ to give us the grace (5) but the word" sign "had been blurred by need some magic formula that gave grace and heaven "ex opere operato" (6) and give them back if they had lost.

The scope of the word "sign" shall also apply to "miracles" that Jesus made by is invited to interpret not as " exceptions to the laws of nature " but as beacons, signs which indicate the presence of God and his saving action at one time or another important condition human (birth, marriage, ordination, collection, weaknesses, illnesses and death).

The Church, which has been called the sacrament (sign) of the encounter with God (Schillebeeckx), there is also the foundation of its mission is to reveal the saving presence Jesus in human history. What command the Church to know how to speak the language of men and their values in each period in their history. This she did with strengths and weaknesses of the invasion of the barbarians to the sale of its power over the Papal States and also in this gigantic effort that was aggiornamento of Vatican II.

And this is how it gets the story. If contradictory as it may appear to us to proclaim the Gospel effectively, the cross had to be accompanied by the sword. A Church sect could not civilize the barbarians or carry a Good News to all ends of the earth. Instinctively, faith in Christ has taken appropriate steps to announce it in time and space while respecting the rhythm of paths and each color of each civilization, taking the risk of ambiguities that we knows.

also illuminates the distinction between the Church " communion of life" , eternal and present in all human gatherings and the church "means hello " random temporal and can be variable as a scaffold used to construct a building.

These data will be brilliantly again by Vatican II.

In this light, the saying " Outside the Church no salvation " which caused a scandal in our time, is enriched and takes an entirely different meaning if we couples with the certainty that salvation is "already" done in Jesus Christ. Thus, the universality of salvation already accomplished joined every group, every church, every faiths, all people of goodwill who are continuing their search for meaning in their human earth. The Church is "Christ spread" across the universe. There is no one to exclude. Enough to open his brain to the size of the universe and eternity.

Magister What Jesus has given me is a layout and consistency of partial and biased notions that I had accumulated since my age of reason, and it fitted me master keys of interpretation that began a conversion in thinking Vatican II that will complement beautifully.

____________________________

(1) Radio Canada did in 2009, fifty years after the announcement of the Second Vatican Council a major retrospective, opening and acts of the council. To access click here

(2) We read with interest of my former colleagues in the Jesus Magister balance they say about their years of study in Rome.

MAGISTER JESUS 'ONE STEP FULL OF RESOURCES FOR THE CHALLENGES AHEAD

Jean-Claude Ethier S, C, and

THAT BROUGHT ME JESUS MAGISTER ? Lionel Pelchat;

WHAT JESUS TO ME MAGISTER Brought by Marcel Rivière SC

MAGISTER JESUS: A considerable opening , indelible by Laurent Normandin

SC (3) The major superiors of seven congregations of brothers decided in 1970 closure of the Institute Jesus Magister. The conditions of the communities had become very different from those that led to its creation. There was failure of students to return the institution. The Institute has lasted 12 years.

(4) - The popular novel by Dan Brown "Da Vinci code 2005 " popularized and extended our time as the Gnostic temptation that has affected the beginnings of Christianity. Pastor Tom Harpur in his book "The Pagan Christ" (Penguin 2005) shows the influence that the Gnostics were exercised within the early Christian communities and into the wording of certain passages in the New Testament and the Gospels.

5 - Small Catechism Quebec No. 150.

6 - Ex opere operato (literally: "the work follows the action") The phrase has been used to affirm the real presence in the Eucharist and the forgiveness of sins in the sacrament of penance etc.. whatever the intentions of the officiating. If the ritual is observed, it automatically produces its effect.

++++++++++++++++++

Next issue: # 26 - Enlightenment

Johor Bahru Orthodontist

24 - The understanding of faith

"If we solve the problems of faith by the only authority,

While we possess the truth but an empty head"

St. Thomas Aquinas, Sum theological

Faith of coal, this attitude of trusting abandonment to God, the Church and their representatives, is honored in the Church because it defines the fundamental Christian faith which is primarily a action of the heart, an unconditional adherence to God revealing his plan of salvation.

Magister Jesus was not a novice nor a school of spiritual formation. It was not the primary purpose of reviving the faith. Like all the faculties of theology, he was part of the tradition of the Church of Revelation make intelligible to the human intellect of all time.

For us, it should peel the raw data learned since childhood to make them intelligible and most try to discover the scope and meaning that could have this revelation in a world in flux. Here's the gist from what I've chosen and who is still after more than 50 years.

Dogmatics with Carolus Molari .

He was young. Ardent, he had the gift to give us his passion for evoking tricks deployed by human reason in his grasp of the mystery revealed. With him, we covered the main tenets that have marked the Christian doctrine of clear and understandable.

In 325, the Council of Nicaea , it was necessary not only solve the mathematical equation of a God in three persons but also clarify the concepts of nature and person and arrange them so that the same divine nature can be shared equally by each of them while reflecting their diversity and functions that faith attributed to each of them: functions of creation, incarnation, redemption, sanctification, paternity, filiation , verb and light, love and justice, expansion, assembly and church.

A prodigy funambulesques balances among factions who were playing their powers and their swords to impose their faith or their church supremacy over others. And through this connection at least as mixed as ours, caucuses have led to consensus that still apply today. The dogmas of the masterpieces of human genius

The term " homoousios " gathered together all these disparate elements and was enshrined in the creed that rallied the majority Council Fathers. This credo was some time professed to all congregations of Christian believers. It was called the Nicene Creed . In

Christology he had to follow a reverse approach: arranging two natures in one person, And then the term "Theotokos" (Mother of God) who rallied ll fathers of the council, making the Virgin Mary The JEM of God (the mother of the only person of Jesus, endowed with both human nature and divine nature) and not just the mother of Jesus Man.

How reason Can these concepts deal apparently in-compatible with each other? How many endless debates, arguments and quibbles tight he had to come up with acceptable wording for the reason that made consensus and diversity in Christian communities?

Initially, these discussions might seem outlandish, and we fetched. Molari had a gift for us to discover the foundations of faith and they lit the accuracy of the formulations that were released.

is through these exchanges and explanations that I realized that the Christian faith and religion which was not confined to a vague message of love so beautifully wrapped it was, or a few recipes life pre-cooked. It was comforting to think that every article of the creed was passed through the mill and informed minds than the ardent faith. My admiration for the Church and its history will be an enormous.

The transcript of the courses were not very nourishing for the faith. I realized that times and for a long time and for some it was more important to have a proper definition of faith and good-stand and profess well as in life. As in his bourgeois-miles, the habit was more noble than blood or faith. I also understand that without this stifling structure and poorly adapted to our time, not rigor dogmas, fruit discussions often Byzantine, the message could have revealed fraying of vague and multiple expressions of religious sentiment without much real scope and our evolving world and for each of its believers.

Holy Scripture

Every young, Holy Scripture fascinated me as a mystery. It is with great eagerness that I " Communion" to the many Bible courses that were on the agenda of our three years of theology.

They were the richest and most meaningful.

Despite all the warnings of anti-modernist, " School French Biblical and Archaeological Jerusalem " founded in 1890 had already borne fruit.

The discoveries of the manuscripts of Qumran caves (1947) had given a great boost Bible studies. Up 'At that time, studies of the Bible were more spiritual than analytical. Every word of the Bible was the sanctity of the Bible itself. The Bible had been changed since the fifth century in the translation of the Vulgate. Isaiah finding almost entirely in the amphorae from Qumran, biblical writings took the "human" dimensions that we did not dare give them.

So, the good news of salvation was not a sacred word of God but the story of his presence, his incarnation in the human history. Little philosophy on the eternal nature of God, but many facets of his presence, modulations in the infinite relations that tied with men in their lifetimes. Job, Moses or Jacob, David, Hosea and Isaiah went out Staff sacred where they had nested for animated and live live before us a struggle for survival in the presence of the Lord. They resumed indefinitely on all construction sites in the world, those of war and of peace, those of authority and submission, those of education and of prayer, on all facets of human life They resumed a relationship that is always compromised and reconnect with God always present. Qumran has transformed the reading of sacred texts in a cinema in three dimensions: God, man and time.

And in this charged atmosphere, the Ecole Biblique in Jerusalem who had headed a suspect of Modernism, Father Marie-Joseph Lagrange, OP, (2) after scholarly research and an undeniable contribution to the humanities, published in 1958, the Holy Bible that would fundamentally alter the reading of scripture and the interpretation of the revealed message.

In this period, studies, journals, Bible literature abounded. I am very pleased to have started studying the Bible in an atmosphere of extraordinary excitement.

Two teachers scored above me in scripture: Spadafora and Beaucamp.

Monsignor Francesco Spadafora (3)

Italian, professor of Scripture at the Lateran, he was a biblical scholar well versed in the study of ancient languages: Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek.

He went to the root of words, extracted the deeper meaning related to the context of time and used it as a beacon that lit up entire pages more or less obscure sacred texts.

Thus, with the "hurly burly " (4) of the first chapter of Genesis on the creation of the world, the whole story and all the dogma of the creation of a lighted new light much richer than the chi-quenaude divine beings who showed "ab nihilo " like a magician pulling a rabbit out of his hat.

I also learned from him the most " nephesh " Hebrew term which has been translated the breath of life. " Lord God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life and man became a living being." (Gen . 2.7).

With scholasticism, we were imprisoned in categories that were still the pair: matter and form, body and soul, substance and accident, essence and existence.

Spadafora's explanation about the " nephesh " made me under-stand that the biblical concepts traveled often trinity. Thus, in humans there was inert matter (mud), the sensitivity and nephesh (the breath of life, the breath of the spirit). It occurred to me that trying to understand man and his mysteries by Categories of Aristotle made us miss an important dimension that could be enlightened by its coherence even both the mystery of the Holy Trinity, that of the human person, that of love and participation in the divine life.

Archimedes said "Give me a fulcrum and I will move the world. "With a word , Spadafora raised the meaning of life, and also that of Revelation. Deo gratias Spadaf!

Paul Evode Beaucamp (1917-1997)

Franciscan, plump and happy as the birds of God, he played a triumphant exuberance of life and expressed on the biblical texts of new ideas into words dynamite not entangled in the "religiously correct .

" A clap of thunder in a summer night " is the title of his presentation which covered the prophet Amos. For courses that brought us to the heart of the life of Israel, the father Beaucamp drew the image that seems to define the best prophet, the journalist-columnist who apply to give meaning to events.

Prophets steeped in politics and values of their times have tried to find them a meaning, that of their faith, God's. This sense, they expressed in a language that was not sacred, that did not come from heaven, which was the language of terroir in which they lived and that people understood without needing scholarly exegesis. A prophet who speaks in this language of men is more revealing of God and his revelation that an alien would have spoken the language of God that nobody could understand.

Apply this referred to Hosea, whose wife lives of prostitution or Ezekiel who collects bones or deported to Babylon Daniel sings in his fiery furnace in Babylon or the Apocalypse that some have seen as the forerunner of the misfortunes of our time, locate all the texts of the Bible in their time, you, without you enfarger in the flowers of the carpet, a key to understanding Revelation is revealing.

Spadaf, Molari Evode and my professors at Trinity Jesus Magister. They introduced me to understand the mysteries of Christian theology. This understanding was not only logical and rigorous as that of a theorem. She was also appreciative and enthusiastic as that of a discovery. Alongside these " entrees " other courses were only side dishes flavored variable.

________________________________

(1) Father Marie-Joseph Lagrange, OP died in 1938. Under his leadership the Ecole Biblique in Jerusalem had already pushed scholarly exegetical research the texts of the Bible.

(2) Monsignor Francesco Spadafora Commission member Pontifical Biblical is a consultant to John XXIII especially regarding the inerrancy in the Bible.

(3) Hurly burly - and empty desert - Gen 1.2

Next issue: 25 - Update and review

Got A Cold And A Rash

23 - A three-time theology

"We could only find the worm in the apple so perfect, suspect that this unusual appearance of perfection hid the severity and depth of evil"

John Cheever Publisher: Joelle Losfeld

Published: 05/15/2008

A worm in the apple

The morning of October 20, 1958, wearing the hat and putting on the Roman long black comforter we went to the beads, as beautiful as a sun that is made in Rome in October, we walked almost to the tail-leu-leu, which started from the streets Campo dei Fiori for we go to Piazza Argentina where the bus was to take us to the gates of the Lateran for the opening of the Institute Jesus Magister. Not bus this morning in the Piazza. Instead, open trucks followed another for passengers. There were "sciopero" ie transport strike which was to write to Lionel, aka Brother Jean-Pierre "So standing in a Roman chariot ... we first crossed the path that would lead us to the doors of science. "( 1)

Everything was beautiful. Too good to be true. I was in Rome, the most fascinating cities to see and experience the heart of his heart, it pulsates with lasting memories.

I was enrolled at the Lateran, the most prestigious Catholic university, to be followed for three years during which I dreamed theology without yet believe.

I was surrounded by brothers, all imbued with the same ambitions of knowledge and radiating a joyous camaraderie of brotherhood enamel.

It was fine, everything was fine, I saw myself as the pampered child of the opportunity, the spoiled baby of Providence.

Yet, while all shone without, in my heart raged deep darkness. I was plagued by a nagging doubt. God was there and what god? Revelation? A projection of the mind? Nothing less.

A small issue date and place of birth, and with the same faith and the same doubts I participated in the bloodshed from the top of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan where you could tell me like Bishop Remi in Clovis, "Curve Sicambrian your head proud, love what you have burned and burn what thou hast adored."

What is the duration of the eternal God? Which multiple images of God is the best? The god of today will be there again tomorrow? Why him sacrifice his life? ...

I flounder.

and vocation? The eternal times I had to do with each recollection of the month they were no obvious sign that I had the wrong path? I was not born to holiness or to the type of perfection centered on the renunciation of everything I tried. Some are color blind or do not about the mathematical genius or that of music. Wanting to make mathematicians or musicians would tempt fate or impossible. Perhaps it is the same with the spiritual sense. Bad start in life, it was too late to engage in reverse?

And life has a meaning? Demonstrated how far extended relativity by Einstein? I could not see absolute truth on which to anchor my quest for meaning. And followed all the myriad banners of disappointment, frustration already accumulated good batteries at the dawn of my thirties. These internal wrangling my appetite for life. Often times, I wanted to wake me death fell asleep!

I was wasting away, but not for lack of food. I was the ass of Buridan (2) dying of hunger between two piles of hay because no compelling reason not urged him to choose the left rather than right or vice versa. There were two men in me. Not one inclined toward the good and the other to evil, but one shot in the past, tradition, childhood, the path well marked and one fascinated by In future, novel, adventure, freedom, the paths of discovery. The one that was repeated formulas truths learned to believe, and one that was bent on demolishing them. Torn and I forgot to grow.

I have seen Jesus as a Magister court cut the Gordian knot, which indicates no possibility of retreat, the way that all facades unmask the true and false, which separate the solid wacky The rock of sand, and Chinese lanterns real ray of light thrown by a real sun.

The truth, a truth, she will forge slowly during these clashes were numerous, as in a chess game, to penetrate the lines of protection of the adversary and to imprison his absolute , his king, in a final checkmate? The result of this match he will set me up well for me in the universe, in time, in life, in my life? That was the challenge of three years in Rome. I had hoped without much hope.

I once read that a guru was greeted a newcomer eager, willing to serve unconditionally. The place occupied by the guru was a mess. The young neophyte proposed to put order. He asks: "What do I do? I'm ready for anything . The guru said, "You see gallery there? Take it up, sit at least ten minutes on each of these boards until you've found your place, the best place, that your best comfort. "

After one hour, one day a week, the ardent neophyte, whose energies were wearing out and do nothing, returned to the master guru to ask him a task more urgent and useful. Each time he received the same answer: " Returns on the porch, when you've found your place, you really will know and only then you can effectively serve me."

Like the rich young man of the Gospel, no one knows what happened after a week or a month to the ardent neophyte.

This dish made me realize the importance above all to be good about yourself, to find the world a comfortable place.

theology at the Institut Jesus Magister, gleaming in all its new formula was also a worm that was eating into the silence of his nights and his between-row fruit that had taken centuries to mature.

A chess game to finish was about the same time engaging in my heart and in the hallowed halls of the venerable Pontifical Lateran University. Whites, representing the eternal truths and the more established professions of faith against the most solemn BLACK pumped downwind of deep questioning, in a gold rush in search of meaning, of this powerful ELDORADO modern times. Cons of true felt accepted truths. I'll try to recount the main events of this game.

Prime pawn - (white) - "Ave fratres! "

With these two Latin words that greeted us this October 20, 1958 Brother Anselmo, director of the Institute Jesus Magister and its main proponent. Gathered in the "Aula Parva" (small room) at the University, we are nearly seventy-five brothers (3) teachers from eight different congregations and come from around the world.

Ave fratres!

These two words, and all that followed the speech delivered in Latin in the style of Cicero, seem to summarize the history of the creation of Jesus Magister.

Let me explain. BROTHER Brother Anselmo was the brother of the Christian Schools, the first non-clerical religious community assets, and dedicated to education of youth. This congregation founded in Reims in 1685 (4) created a new way of living consecration to God and has brought in famous peaks. One need only mention the universities, schools of high prestige created by the FEC to be convinced. Several brothers who have pierced the armor of anonymity belong to this congregation. It is believed here to Lockwell brother Clement, novelist, and Brother Marie-Victorin, founder of the Montreal Botanical Garden (5).

The reverse of this quality that leads to the heights of excellence, c ' is envy. The envy of the poor often pernicious as the Super-rich can be nauseating. In time, all male carriers cassock, not clerics, contemplative apart, were part of another class of religious, located on a bottom rung on the ladder of the Catholic hierarchy. To poor beggars or petty bourgeois in an assembly of nobles church.

A mother dreamed of having a son a priest. Especially the mothers of the high. I never heard of a mother who would have dreamed of having a son brother.

Between brothers and priests had slipped a sneaky rivalry. It is still nearby vocations. We strutted the deeds and institutions. Although not explicit, the pride of the brothers (some brothers) was showing particular interest are the bearers of belts bearing violet or purple that the brothers could do as well as clerics. A faculty of theology up by the brothers and the brethren in Rome in the Lateran was the ultimate who commanded that his words in Latin dress that morning, at the opening of Jesus Magister .

All these students, they were Italian, English, Vietnamese, Colombian or even English, included French better than Latin. And brother Anselmo spoke very well. But Latin had class. Decorum of ecclesiastical and clerical nobility seemed to require.

How did we respond to this reception? First with the fun. We gave Ave frater by it, and Ave fratres and there, we garrocha Latin phrases drawn from the pink pages of our dictionary we had a teacher once made to learn by heart or quotes from Cicero and Livy had inserted a sly in Latin-French dictionaries to help the " the Poor" students who had to spend their tank. Phrases like: "Si vis pacem para bellum" (free translation " If you want peace, go in a balloon ") or "Do Vestem pauperis" (in free translation " Gives jacket peupére ") or" Alea jacta is "or" In vino veritas " etc.. we had learned from our forays into the vineyards of the Latin culture.

This made me realize how much fun, the magic of osmosis, we were away from this obsession of power and prestige facades that seemed animate the brother Anselmo and please the major superiors of congregations who had consented to the creation of Jesus Magister.

standard of a world of rule and jurisdiction already gone or endangered.

We also realized that Latin was not so barbaric as that. After two or three courses in Latin, our ears quickly unmasking French and simultaneous translation was very acceptable.

After some time however, there was pressure for French dominates. It was not a big advantage. It we were easier to identify concepts expressed in Latin as well controlled in a French modulated chugging. Most teachers had a better practice of Latin than French.

So the pawn put forward by White (tradition), is easily countered by blacks (rebels). Ridicule kills sometimes.

The anti-modernist oath

After the monologue's brother Anselmo, we are in the Aula Magna (the Great Hall) of the Lateran University where we met the teachers and students the four faculties of the University. After the speeches-all in Latin, of course-from the tops of the Catholic upper crust, it was read in Latin the anti-modernist oath students and professors in Catholic universities around the world had to swear at the beginning of each year Since the publication of the encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis by Pope Pius X, September 1, 1907.

We have not seen it coming. This ritual gives us a little stunned and pensive. Modernism! It is to breathe deeply and without the slightest remorse. Any new idea was then Welcome and aired without restraint. Why the anti-modernist oath? What is modernism?

Modernism is defined as the culture during the Industrial Revolution which, in the second half of the nineteenth century, has transformed the economy of the Western world as well as its political and social. It was not a doctrine or a philosophy but a trend, a mindset, a kind of blow of heart for all that was new, unpublished, in cultural expression as a literary and musical or pictorial.

In philosophy, early century, they began to look up on the scholastic and pay attention to the representations of the world fell for the existence rather than those based on the essence of all things. The moment, accidents, equipment, time spent before the eternal and the spiritual. Another world, the modern world was born in the West of the industrial revolution. We cheered.

This new thinking, without clearly defined doctrine became popular among all classes of society. Some clerics and theologians it did the promoters. Anime best of intentions they wanted, not bothering to challenge the Church nor dogma, nor to doubt of Revelation. They wanted to make the Church closer to this new world she had a mission to evangelize, to refine the understanding of Revelation in the scriptures applying the rules faced by the exegesis of ancient texts, refine the practice of faith Christian releasing the original meaning of the sacraments, connecting the dogmas promulgated by the Church to the sources of Revelation, etc..

Pius X took fright. It first loads the Ministry of the Holy Roman and Universal Inquisition to note the principal errors of Modernism that were expressed in seventy-five proposals and condemned by the Holy See in order Lamentabili , published July 3, 1907. In September the same year the Pope published the encyclical Pascendi GREG DOMINICI in which he slams the "artisans errors " modernists whose opinions and writings are even more "pernicious "(the expression is the Holy Father)" they hide in the bosom and the heart of the Church. "

whole structure of the Church to its foundations firmly rooted in tradition felt threatened by these ants glean, eager for revival: the inspiration of the Bible, human and divine Jesus and the Gospels, statements of faith in the dogmas promulgated, the divine origin of the sacraments, the supremacy of the Church on the State, that the spiritual over the temporal, and whatnot?

The opening paragraph of the encyclical says a lot about the state of panic who had seized the church at that time.

1. A mission that was entrusted to us from above to feed the flock of the Lord Jesus Christ has assigned a primary duty of keeping with jealous care the traditional deposit of faith against the profane novelties of language as contradictions of false science. Zero age, no doubt, that such vigilance will be necessary to the Christian people, for he never failed, raised by the enemy of mankind, to men speaking perverse (1), new tellers and deceivers ( 2), subject to error and leading to error (3). But it must be admitted, the number grew strangely in recent times, enemies of the Cross of Jesus Christ, with all new art and supremely treacherous, trying to undo the vital energy of the Church, and even if they could reverse from top to bottom the reign of Jesus Christ. Keep silent no longer appropriate, if we want not to appear unfaithful to our most sacred duties, and that goodness which we have spent so far, in the hope of amendment, is accused of forgetting our load. Pascendi # 1

After denouncing the major modernists and insinuations in these items recalled the truths of faith proclaimed by the Church, the Pope orders drastic measures to curb its root in the modernist error.

Among these measures, he commanded by " motu proprio" any cleric seeking to prepare for the priesthood and all students and teachers in Catholic universities to pay annually the anti-modernist oath.

He commanded the bishops to denounce the Roman curia any writing that evokes modernist ideas or evidence sympathies towards them. Thus, in Quebec, Bishop Archambault, first bishop of Joliette, condemned Dr. Albert Laurendeau (grandfather of the journalist André Laurendeau) for publishing in 1911 without imprimatur, his evolutionary synthesis (Life - Considerations biological) that has tainted view of evolutionary concepts put forward by Darwin.

In addition, we began to I ndex all writings that were suspected of sympathies to the modern concepts.

With regard to studies, he wrote: "We want and ordain that scholastic philosophy be made the basis of the sacred sciences . In the next paragraph he adds: "That doctorate in theology and canon law not be conferred on people who fail to follow the regular course of scholastic philosophy; conferred, it is held to be void and of no value.

And, recalling Leo XIII, it prohibits anything that bears the stamp of novelty:

" We can not approve, in the writings of Catholic a language, based on a unsound novelty which seems to deride the piety of the faithful, and speaks of the new order of Christian life, new doctrines of the Church, new needs of the Christian soul, of new social vocation of the clergy, a new Christian civilization, and things like that. (PG28). they do not suffer from these things in books or in the course professors.

modern personality

Among some of the most famous theologians who have been in trouble starting with the anti-modernism of the Inquisition we notice:

Alfred Loisy , priest. It is undoubtedly the main headline of the modernist thesis. Refusing to recant it will be excommunicated from the publication of Gospel and Church in 1907.

Albert Lagrange, (1855-1938) First suspected of modernist sympathies, he managed to avoid conviction and be the Director of the Ecole Biblique in Jerusalem, famous for his studies the Bible. The school will publish in 1956 the Holy Bible that has translated from Hebrew and Greek and Aramaic by applying the strictest rules of exegesis.

Henri de Lubac, a Jesuit. He was forbidden to write by his superior general. It will be rehabilitated by Pope John XXIII who made a cardinal and father of Vatican II.

The faith of Christians then formed to set the Council of Trent, synthesized in the diocesan catechisms was it really threatened by modernist theologians developed? The anti-modernist oath he managed to put the lid on the modernist thesis? In 2008, the arguments advanced by Loisy are they always wrong? Pope Pius X he saved the Church?

I did not matter jurisdiction to address these issues.

I must admit that in 1958 the Catholic University of Sacro-Lateran, the anti-modernist oath seemed to be more a formality, a kind of vaccine "in case" a shield against real poisoned arrows.

I do not think he noticed that the professor was teaching a distorted or compressed by any clause of the oath or the anti-modernist encyclical Pascendi. I do not remember having studied this encyclical or may have been mentioned in any of the courses I took, both in Dogmatic History of the Church or even Scripture.

had been understood as both sides that it was better to be silent than risk being sued or having to continue.

The obligation imposed on the anti-modernist oath Catholic universities was abolished by Pope Paul VI in 1967.

For me, who was full of prejudices about the scholastic Thomism, the philosophy of avant-garde and pretty nice to anything that was new, I pronounced the oath of the lip, what many have the Inquisition had done when its lit bonfires in Europe or the witch hunt was in the American sports.

I retain, however, barely three months after the start of classes at Jesus Magister, Pope John XXIII announced the holding of a council with the task of rejuvenating the face of the Church and to remove the wrinkles that had accumulated over the centuries.

studies quite avant-garde began to circulate without being denounced. Their authors were the true fathers of the council. They had names for Liege, Congar, Chenu, Karl Rahner, Edward Schillebeeckx, Marc Prayer, Hans Kung, Henri De Lubac and many others.

Modernism was a wave, a wave that changed profoundly Western culture in the twentieth century. This wave first provoked opposition from the Church everything that was new. This opposition was followed by intense research by the theologians of Vatican II made the most important source of renewal of the Church that she has known, the starting point for rejuvenation and deepening unprecedented of the Christian faith. Vatican II will be the emergence of a new church, far and in many ways far ahead of all modernist movements condemned by it at the beginning of the century.

On my board, the anti-Modernist oath was a blow salty traditionalists (white), but the replica BLACK (the rebels) was absolutely fantastic. At the Institute Jesus Magister, despite an absolutely traditionalist, without fanfare, there was a leaven of renewal implanted in the minds of students that pierced the walls of the hallowed institution.

In the bath of the excitement in my Christian faith was reinvigorated for a moment. My doubts chronic fell silent. The BLACK enjoyed a slight advantage. However the game was not won. There are other pieces to play.

-------------------------------------------

1) See p. Lionel ... a life 104

2) Buridan Donkey (hesitating, perplexed as Buridan's ass). As someone who is sought with equal force to both sides at once and who knows what to do.

3) Some statistics were published in The Voice No. 1959 under the signature of brother Maximian on enrollment of the first students. Click JM

4) The Christian Brothers were founded in the late seventeenth century, well before all the other congregations of teaching brothers.

5) Other congregations of teaching brothers will be based until the early nineteenth century, in 1821 for Brothers of the Sacred Heart .

6) A document "motu proprio " applies mainly to documents under the pope's own initiative without involving the Sacred College or any other authority in the Church.

7) Having been lectured repeatedly for his writings which were inspired by the literary critic Alfred Loisy was excommunicated and condemned for refusing to withdraw after the publication of " The Gospel and the Church . Alfred Loisy is the main piece and the symbol of modernist theses condemned by the Church. For more details on his other writings and the circumstances of his excommunication click here.
_________________________________________

ephemeris Maximian

Brother Lawrence SC Normandin, aka Brother SC Maximian was among the pioneers of the eight brothers of the Sacred Heart enrolled for three or four years Studies in Religious Sciences Jesus Magister at the Institute of the Lateran University in Rome in 1958. During these years, Maximian brother wrote her diary regularly. As he made the voyage from Montreal to Liverpool with us (brother Raymond and myself) on the Empress of Britain ,

the scraps of his desk he gives us here, complete and Fortunately specify the account of this voyage that I published in serial No. 21 of my memoirs.

Brother Normandin, still in service, is currently agent Pastorale High School in Sherbrooke.

Cordial thank you to Lawrence, so warmly aka Bo-Max, for this important and generous contribution in memory of those times that we have made.

Florian

(To access ÉPÉMÉRIDES ... click here

_____________________________

Next issue: # 24 - The understanding of faith